Take an amazing 10-day road trip through Turkey’s ancient and interesting past, making it a fun trip that’s going to teach you a lot about the country. Turkey, a country where East meets West, is full of old places, each telling stories of people and events that happened long ago. This guide will help you see and know about Turkey’s ancient wonders, where to sleep and rest after a day’s worth of adventure, and handy tips for smooth journeys.
Cool Facts About Turkey
Before we explore the things to do in Turkey, here are some cool facts about this country:
- Istanbul, A City of Two Worlds: Istanbul is special because it sits on two continents: Europe and Asia. No other city in the world is like this, where very different cultures and ideas come together.
- Göbekli Tepe, Really, Really Old Temple: Turkey has an ancient temple called Göbekli Tepe. People built it over 11,500 years ago! It’s even older than the famous Stonehenge in England.
- Coffee and Candy: Turkish coffee is very strong and tastes great. People often eat it with a sweet treat called Turkish Delight, which comes in many flavors like rose, lemon, and pistachio.
- Fairy Chimneys: In Cappadocia, you’ll find funny-shaped rocks that look like chimneys, made by volcanoes and wind over a long time. People even live in some of these chimneys!
- Ancient Cities: Turkey has some of the oldest cities in the world where people still live, like Istanbul and Ephesus. It’s also where the famous city of Troy was, a common setting in Greek stories and poems.
- The Turkish Language, A Mix of Everything: The Turkish language has words from many other languages, including Persian, Arabic, French, Italian, and English.
Turkey’s People
The people in Turkey are as different as the country’s land and history. They’re known for being warm, kind, and caring about their community. Family is very important to the Turks, and they really respect older folks. Most people in Turkey are Muslim, which affects many parts of daily life, like holidays, food, and customs. But Turkey is also a country where religion and government are separate, with a mix of old and new ways of living, especially in bigger cities.
Food
Turkish food is delicious and mixes flavors from the Middle East, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, and the Balkans. Some dishes you should try:
1. Kebabs: There are many types, like doner (meat cooked on a big stick), shish (grilled meat on small sticks), and adana (spicy meat kebab).
2. Meze: These are small snacks like hummus (mashed chickpeas), dolma (stuffed grape leaves), and tzatziki (yogurt with cucumber).
3. Baklava: A sweet treat made with thin dough, nuts, and honey.
4. Pide: Some call it “Turkish pizza”. It’s flat bread shaped like a boat with toppings like cheese, meat, or veggies.
Customs
Turkey is a country rich in traditions and cultural practices that reflect its diverse history and vibrant society. Here are some of the key customs that you will encounter:
Tea (çay): Tea is the national drink of Turkey, deeply ingrained in daily life and social interactions. It’s typically served in small, tulip-shaped glasses without handles, allowing you to see the rich, dark amber color of the tea. The tea is strong and often accompanied by sugar, but milk is never added. You will find tea offered in homes, workplaces, and even shops as a gesture of hospitality. Tea gardens and tea houses are popular spots for locals to relax and socialize.
Turkish Coffee: Turkish coffee is a unique and integral part of Turkish culture, prepared and served in a distinctive manner. It is made by finely grinding coffee beans and brewing them slowly in a special pot called a “cezve,” often with sugar added during the brewing process. The coffee is served in small cups, and the grounds settle at the bottom, leaving a thick, aromatic brew. Drinking Turkish coffee is often a leisurely experience, accompanied by conversation and sometimes fortune-telling from the coffee grounds left in the cup.
Festivals and Celebrations: Turkey boasts a vibrant calendar filled with various festivals celebrating music, movies, arts, and local harvests.
- Istanbul Music Festival: Held annually in June, this festival showcases classical music, ballet, and opera performances, drawing artists and audiences from around the world.
- Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival: Known as Turkey’s most prestigious film festival, this event takes place in October and celebrates both Turkish and international cinema with film screenings, awards, and red-carpet events.
- Edirne Kırkpınar Oil Wrestling Festival: One of the oldest sports events in the world, this festival occurs in late June or early July in Edirne. It features traditional Turkish oil wrestling, where wrestlers douse themselves in olive oil and compete in matches, reflecting an age-old tradition.
- International Izmir Festival: Taking place in June and July, this festival celebrates music, dance, and theater with performances held in historical venues around Izmir, including ancient theaters and castles.
- Harvest Festivals: Various regions in Turkey hold festivals to celebrate local produce and the harvest season. For instance, the Cherry Festival in Giresun and the Apricot Festival in Malatya are vibrant events featuring parades, folk dances, and tastings of the freshest local fruits.
These customs and celebrations are just a glimpse into the rich cultural tapestry of Turkey, offering visitors a chance to experience the country’s traditions, hospitality, and festive spirit firsthand.
Obtaining a Turkish Visa: What You Need to Know
Before planning a road trip in Turkey, you must first secure a visa.
1. E-Visa: The Convenient Choice for Most Tourists
- Most tourists traveling to Turkey for leisure or business purposes will require an electronic visa, or e-Visa. This streamlined process eliminates the need for in-person visits to embassies or consulates.
2. Official Website: Your Gateway to the E-Visa
- To begin the application process, visit the official e-Visa website: https://www.evisa.gov.tr/ . This is the only legitimate source for obtaining an e-Visa.
- The website provides a user-friendly interface with clear instructions and frequently asked questions.
3. Completing the Application Form
- The e-Visa application form requires personal information such as your name, date of birth, nationality, and passport details. You will also need to provide your Turkey travel dates and the purpose of your visit (tourism or business).
4. Paying the E-Visa Fee
- The fee for an e-Visa is generally around $35 (USD), though it can vary slightly depending on your nationality.
- The website accepts payment via major credit and debit cards.
5. Receiving Your E-Visa
- Once your application is approved and payment is processed, you will receive your e-Visa via email.
- Important: It’s recommended to print a copy of your e-Visa and carry it with you during your travels.
6. Validity and Stay Duration
- Your e-Visa is typically valid for 180 days from the date of issue. This means you must enter Turkey within that time frame.
- The e-Visa allows you to stay in Turkey for up to 90 days within this 180-day period.
Important Considerations:
- Eligibility: Not all nationalities are eligible for the e-Visa. Check the official website to confirm if you qualify. If not, you may need to apply for a traditional visa through a Turkish embassy or consulate.
- Travel Documents: Ensure your passport is valid for at least 60 days beyond your intended stay in Turkey.
- Additional Information: The official e-Visa website provides comprehensive details, including eligibility requirements, visa fees, and troubleshooting tips.
By following these steps and understanding the essential requirements, you can smoothly obtain your Turkish visa and embark on your exciting journey.
Best Time to Visit For a Road Trip in Turkey
Why Spring (April to June) is a Great Choice:
- Pleasant Weather: Temperatures are generally mild and comfortable in most regions during the spring. This makes it ideal for outdoor activities like hiking, sightseeing, and enjoying scenic drives.
- Blooming Landscapes: Spring is a time of renewal and growth, with flowers in bloom and trees regaining their leaves. This adds a vibrant touch to the scenery along your route.
- Fewer Crowds: While spring break can bring some tourists in certain areas, it’s generally less crowded than the peak summer months. You’ll likely find more availability at accommodations and attractions.
Why Fall (September to November) is Also Ideal:
- Comfortable Temperatures: Fall offers similar mild temperatures to spring, making it equally enjoyable for outdoor exploration.
- Changing Colors: If you’re road-tripping through areas with deciduous trees, fall foliage can be spectacular. Witnessing the leaves turn into fiery reds, oranges, and yellows is a unique experience.
- Harvest Season: Many regions celebrate harvest festivals during the fall, offering a chance to sample local produce and enjoy community events.
Additional Factors to Consider When Planning Your Road Trip:
- Regional Differences: Keep in mind that weather patterns and tourist seasons can vary depending on the specific region you’re visiting. Do some research on the climate and peak seasons for the areas along your route.
- School Schedules: If you’re traveling with children or want to avoid families on vacation, it’s best to plan your trip outside of school breaks (summer and holidays).
- Special Events: Consider whether there are any festivals, sporting events, or other activities happening during your desired travel time. This could affect crowds and accommodation availability.
- Personal Preferences: Ultimately, the best time to travel is subjective. Think about your own preferences for weather, activities, and crowds.
Day 1: Istanbul – The Door to the Past
If you land in the Istanbul airport, then you might as well start your trip in Turkey’s biggest city. As you hit the road, spend your first day looking around the old part of the city.
Istanbul is a place where history and today’s life mix, creating a lively blend of sights, sounds, and tastes. Start at Hagia Sophia , an amazing building that’s been a church, a mosque, and now a museum. When you walk inside, you’ll be amazed by its huge dome and pretty mosaics. The size and beauty of this building show you how important it was in history.
Next, visit Topkapi Palace, where Ottoman rulers lived for almost 400 years. Walk through its green yards, fancy rooms, and the Harem, where the rulers’ private lives happened. Don’t miss the Treasury, full of jewels and valuable things that show how rich and powerful the Ottoman Empire was.
Make sure to see the Blue Mosque, named for the pretty blue tiles inside. It has six tall towers and a grand design that makes it a great example of Ottoman building style. Inside, the calm feeling and detailed tilework will make you want to sit and think.
Where to sleep if you plan to stay for several days in Istanbul: Sirkeci Mansion, a comfy hotel near Topkapi Palace, with rooms starting at $120 a night. It has a spa, Turkish bath, and free breakfast.
Day 2: Gallipoli – Echoes of War
Drive to Gallipoli, a place that’s very important in history because of the fights that happened there during World War I.
As you get close to Gallipoli, you’ll see hills and quiet beaches, which look very different from how it was during World War I. Start your visit at ANZAC Cove , where Australian and New Zealand soldiers landed in 1915. Walking along the beach, you might feel like you can almost hear sounds from the past and feel the weight of history in the air.
Next, visit the Gallipoli Peninsula Historical National Park. This area has many memorials and graveyards honoring the soldiers who fought and died here. The Lone Pine Cemetery and the Chunuk Bair Memorial are especially moving places to visit and remember those who served. Today, the park is quiet and peaceful, which makes you think about how brave and selfless the soldiers were.
Where to sleep: Gallipoli Houses is a nice guesthouse in the village of Kabatepe. Rooms start at $90 a night, including breakfast and a garden you can use.
Day 3-4: Troy and Pergamon – Stories and Old Ruins
Day 3: Go south to the old city of Troy, made famous by Homer’s stories
When you get to the Troy Archaeological Site , you’re stepping into a world of legends and myths. As you walk through the ruins, you might imagine scenes from the Iliad happening around you. The city walls, which are from different times in Troy’s long history, show you how strong the defenses were that once protected this famous city. There’s a big wooden horse at the entrance – while it’s not the real one from the story, it helps visitors picture the clever plan the Greeks used to get into Troy.
Near the site, the Troy Museum has many artifacts that help you understand more about the city’s long history. You can see old pottery, tools, and jewelry, and each item tells part of Troy’s complex story.
Where to sleep: In Canakkal, Hotel Helen has comfy rooms from $70 a night, including breakfast.
Day 4: Keep going to Pergamon, an old Greek city known for its impressive hilltop ruins
The old city of Pergamon sits high on a hill, giving you amazing views of the area around it. As you climb up to the Pergamon Acropolis, you’ll see the remains of temples, theaters, and other buildings, each telling a story about how great the city used to be. The Altar of Zeus used to stand here, showing how skilled Pergamon’s artists and builders were. Today, the altar is in a museum in Berlin, but you can still see where it once stood.
The Asclepion, an old medical center, gives you a fascinating look at early medical practices. It was dedicated to Asclepius, the god of healing, and people came here looking for cures through a mix of physical and spiritual treatments.
Where to sleep: In Bergama, the Anil Boutique Hotel has rooms from $65 a night, with a rooftop that gives you stunning views of the acropolis.
Day 5-6: Ephesus – A Look at Roman Greatness
Day 5: Get to Selcuk, the town closest to Ephesus, one of the best-kept old cities in the world
Walking through Ephesus is like going back to the Roman Empire. The city’s grand streets, lined with marble columns, lead you to the Library of Celsus, an amazing building that once housed thousands of scrolls. Nearby, the Great Theatre stands as a huge reminder of how important culture was to the city, with room for 25,000 people to sit and enjoy the shows.
Another highlight is the Temple of Artemis, once one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Even though only a few columns are left today, you can still imagine how big and impressive it once was. The House of Virgin Mary, on a nearby hill, is a quiet place that many believe was the last home of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
Where to sleep: Hotel Kalehan is a family-run hotel in Selcuk with rooms from $80 a night. You can enjoy the green garden and try traditional Turkish food.
Day 6: Drive to Pamukkale, famous for its white terraces made of minerals and the old city of Hierapolis.
Pamukkale is a natural wonder unlike any other. The white terraces flowing down the hillside are formed by mineral-rich hot springs, creating a dreamlike landscape that looks like it’s covered in snow. Walking barefoot on these terraces is a unique experience – you can feel the warm water and smooth, chalky surface under your feet.
Above the terraces is the old city of Hierapolis . This spa city was built by the Romans and has impressive ruins, including a large graveyard and a well-kept theater. The Antique Pool is a special place where you can swim among old columns in warm, healing waters, adding to the magic of this place.
Where to sleep: Melrose House Hotel in Pamukkale offers rooms from $75 a night, with a pool and free breakfast.
Day 7-8: Konya – The Heart of Sufism
Day 7: Travel to Konya, a city deeply linked to Sufi mysticism
Konya is a city with great spiritual importance, known as the home of the famous Sufi mystic, Rumi. At the Mevlana Museum, where Rumi’s tomb is, you can learn about his life and teachings. The museum is not just a place of historical importance but also a spiritual center where you can feel the deep peace and wisdom of Rumi’s ideas about love and unity.
The Alaeddin Mosque, one of the oldest in Turkey, has beautiful Seljuk architecture and offers a quiet place for thinking and reflection. The detailed designs on its tiles and the history in its walls make it a must-visit site.
Where to sleep: Hich Hotel Konya has rooms starting at $100 a night, including breakfast and a view of the Mevlana Museum.
Day 8: Head to the magical landscape of Cappadocia, known for its fairy-tale rock shapes and cave homes
Cappadocia’s landscape looks like something from another world. The Goreme Open-Air Museum is an incredible place where you can explore churches and monasteries carved into the rock, decorated with beautiful paintings. Each church tells a story through its artwork, showing scenes from the Bible and the lives of saints.
The underground cities of Derinkuyu and Kaymakli are amazing examples of old engineering. They kept early Christians safe when they needed to hide from enemies. Walking through the narrow tunnels and rooms, you can imagine what life must have been like for those who sought shelter here.
Where to sleep: Stay in a hotel built into a cave, Mithra Cave Hotel, with rooms from $120 a night, including breakfast and amazing views of the unique landscape.
Day 9-10: Ankara and Safranbolu – Capital and Heritage
Day 9: Drive to Ankara, Turkey’s modern capital with a rich historical background
Ankara, the heart of modern Turkey, offers a mix of today’s life and historical importance. Anitkabir, the tomb of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, who started modern Turkey, is a must-visit. The grand building and detailed exhibits inside help you understand how Turkey changed from the Ottoman Empire to a modern country.
The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations is another highlight, showing objects from Turkey’s diverse old cultures. From prehistoric tools to Ottoman treasures, this museum gives you a complete look at the region’s rich history.
Where to sleep: Divan Cukurhan is a historic hotel in the center of Ankara, offering rooms from $130 a night. Enjoy nice amenities in a historical setting.
Day 10: End your journey in Safranbolu, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its well-kept Ottoman houses and buildings
Before you drive back to Istanbul, visit Safranbolu. Safranbolu feels like stepping back in time, with its narrow, cobbled streets and traditional Ottoman houses. The Old Town is fun to explore, with its historical buildings and charming shops. Visiting the Cinci Hamam, a historic Turkish bath, is a perfect way to relax and try a traditional Turkish practice.
The town’s architecture and feeling make it seem like you’ve traveled back to the Ottoman era, offering a peaceful and pretty end to your journey.
Where to sleep: Gulevi Safranbolu is a charming hotel in a fixed-up Ottoman mansion, with rooms starting at $90 a night, including breakfast.
Driving in Turkey: Tips and Rules
Driving in Turkey can be a great adventure, letting you see the country at your own pace. Here’s what you need to know before you take a long road trip around the country:
Driving Rules:
1. Driver’s License: It’s best to have an international driving permit, which is a special license that works in many countries. You can get one from your local automobile association before you leave home. It’s not always required, but it can be really helpful if you’re stopped by the police or if you need to transact with your rental car company.
2. Speed Limits: In cities, don’t drive faster than 50 km/h. This might seem slow, but it’s because city streets can be busy with cars and people. On highways, you can go up to 90 km/h. These are the main roads between cities. On motorways, which are like big highways with multiple lanes, you can drive up to 120 km/h. Always watch for speed limit signs because these can change in different areas.
3. Seatbelts: Everyone in the car must wear a seatbelt. This isn’t just the driver and front passenger, but also people in the back seats. It’s the law and it’s for safety. If you’re caught without a seatbelt, you could get a fine.
4. Alcohol Limit: For regular drivers, the limit is 0.05% blood alcohol content. This is about one small beer or glass of wine for most people. But remember, even this small amount can affect your driving. For commercial drivers, like taxi or bus drivers, no alcohol is allowed at all. It’s best not to drink at all if you’re driving.
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Driving Tips Before You Take a Road Trip:
1. Road Conditions: Big highways are usually in good shape, smooth and well-marked. But when you get to rural areas, the roads can be narrow and curvy. Sometimes they might not be paved. Drive slowly and carefully on these roads, especially at night.
2. Navigation: GPS and mobile apps like Google Maps work well in Turkey. They can be really helpful for finding your way around cities and between towns. But it’s also a good idea to have a paper map as a backup, just in case your phone battery dies or you lose signal.
3. Fuel: There are plenty of gas stations in cities and along main roads. But if you’re going to far-off areas, it’s a good idea to fill up your tank when you have the chance. Some rural areas might not have gas stations for long stretches.
Car Rentals
Renting a car in Turkey is pretty straightforward, but there are a few things to keep in mind:
Rental Options:
1. Big companies like Avis, Hertz, and Europcar are in major cities and airports. These are familiar names and often have newer cars. They might be more expensive, but they usually have good customer service and clear policies.
2. Local agencies are often cheaper, but make sure they have good reviews before picking one. Look online for reviews from other travelers. Sometimes these local companies can offer more personal service, and they might have cars that are better suited for local road conditions.
Costs:
1. Rental Rates: Plan to pay around $30-50 a day for a regular car. This price can change based on the season (it’s usually more expensive in summer), the type of car, and how long you’re renting for. If you rent for a longer time, you might get a better daily rate.
2. Insurance: It’s a good idea to get full insurance. This might seem expensive, but it can save you a lot of worry. It covers things like damage to the car, theft, and sometimes personal injury. Ask the rental company exactly what’s covered.
What to Bring To Ensure the Best Road Trip
When you’re packing for your trip, don’t forget these important items:
1. Documents: Bring your passport, visa, driving license, and car rental agreement. Make copies of all these and keep them separate from the originals, just in case. Your passport should be valid for at least six months beyond your planned stay.
2. Clothes: Pack comfy walking shoes for several days exploring ruins and cities. Bring clothes you can layer for different weather – Turkey can be hot in summer and cold in winter. Don’t forget modest outfits for visiting religious sites. This usually means covering your shoulders and knees.
3. Electronics: Bring a GPS device if you have one, even if you plan to use your phone. A power bank is really useful for keeping your devices charged on long drives. Don’t forget a universal adapter so you can plug in your chargers – Turkey uses the same plugs as most of Europe.
4. Other stuff: A water bottle you can refill is great for staying hydrated and reducing plastic waste. Pack some snacks for long drives. A basic first aid kit is always a good idea, especially if you’re going to rural areas. And don’t forget to get travel insurance before you leave home.
Questions People Often Ask
Here are some common questions to consider when planning your Turkey itinerary:
1. Is it safe to drive in Turkey?
Yes, driving in Turkey is usually safe. The main roads are well-maintained and signs are often in both Turkish and English. Stay on main roads when you can, especially at night. Follow local driving rules – for example, it’s common to flash your lights before passing on highways. In rural areas, be extra careful. You might encounter livestock on the roads or sharp turns in mountain areas. Always keep your doors locked and valuables out of sight when you park.
2. How much will the road trip cost?
Plan to spend around $1,500-2,000 per person for a 10-day trip when you visit Turkey. This includes where you’ll sleep (about $70-100 per night), renting a car ($30-50 per day), gas (prices are similar to Western Europe), food (budget about $20-30 per day for meals), and entrance fees to sites (usually $5-15 per site). You can save money by staying in cheaper hotels or eating at local restaurants instead of tourist spots. Remember to budget extra for souvenirs or unexpected expenses.
3. Can I use my credit card in Turkey?
Credit cards work in cities and tourist areas, with Visa and Mastercard being widely accepted. It’s also good to carry some cash, especially in smaller towns and rural areas. Many small shops, cafes, and markets only take cash. You can withdraw Turkish lira from ATMs in most towns. Let your bank know you’ll be traveling to avoid any issues with your card.
4. Are there toll roads in Turkey?
Yes, some highways have tolls. You can pay with cash at toll booths, or use a prepaid HGS sticker, which you can get at post offices and some gas stations. If you’re renting a car, ask the rental company about toll payments – sometimes they have systems in place to handle this for you.
5. Do I need travel insurance?
Travel insurance is a really good idea. It can help cover unexpected things like medical problems, lost luggage, or if you need to cancel your trip. Look for a policy that covers medical emergencies, as healthcare can be expensive for foreigners in Turkey. Some policies also cover things like car rental insurance or adventure activities. Read the fine print carefully to know exactly what’s covered.
Wrapping Your Turkey Road Trip Itinerary
Remember, a road trip through Turkey is a fantastic way to experience this diverse and fascinating country. You’ll have the freedom to explore at your own pace, stop at small villages, and really get a feel for the landscape and culture. Just be prepared, drive safely, and enjoy the journey!
